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Journal of Dental and Oral Health

JDOH

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Research Article

The Effects of Computer-Aided Anteroposterior Forehead Movement on Ratings of Facial Attractiveness

Heidi S. Ellis, Farid Hamidzadeh, Sennay M. Stefanos, Minoo Rouhanian, Jayson H. Huber, Marc E. Arena and Ling Ye

Correspondence Address :

Dr. Ling Ye
Naval Postgraduate Dental School
Navy Medicine Professional Development Center
USA
Email: ling.ye.mil@mail.mil

Received on: April 18, 2017, Accepted on: May 08, 2017, Published on: May 15, 2017

Citation: Heidi S. Ellis, Farid Hamidzadeh, Sennay M. Stefanos, et al. (2017). The Effects of Computer-Aided Anteroposterior Forehead Movement on Ratings of Facial Attractiveness

Copyright: 2017 Ling Ye, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

  • Abstract

Abstract
Objective: L. F. Andrews proposed to use forehead as a reference to position maxillary incisors since it is external and does not move during the course of treatment, and also suggested not to place maxillary incisors anterior to the soft tissue glabella. The goal of this study is to determine whether changes in patient's forehead will affect evaluators' subjective ratings of facial attractiveness, and if anterior placement of maxillary incisors will adversely affect attractiveness. 
Materials and Methods: Smiling profile photographs of one female Caucasian, one female African American, and one female Asian model were captured. The photographs were then digitally manipulated at the soft tissue glabella to simulate forward movement by 2, 4, and 6 mm and backward by 2 mm. Twenty general dentists and twenty laypersons then scored the attractiveness of the photographs using a 0-100 mm visual analogue scale. Friedman's test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to analyse the standardized Z-scores for statistical significance between varying anteroposterior positions of the glabella.
Results: For all three models, the original photo with maxillary incisors anterior to the soft tissue glabella was the most attractive, and the most extreme change of 6 mm with maxillary incisors placed closer to soft tissue glabella was the least attractive.
Conclusion: The study suggests that changes of anteroposterior position of the glabella affect the appreciation of facial attractiveness. Our results do not support the proposal to avoid placing the maxillary incisors anterior to the soft tissue glabella.

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