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Journal of Primary Health Care & General Practice

JPHCGP

Aabstract

Research Article

Study of Factors Associated with Overweight among Pupils Aged 6 to 18 in Bamako Commune II in 2018

Diongue M1*, SARAMBOUNOU D, Bassoum O, Diallo A, Sougou N, Tine A.D2, Leye M.M, Faye, Seck, Tal Dia

Correspondence Address :

Mayassine Diongue
Health and Development Institute (ISED)/(UCAD)
Dakar
Senegal

Received on: February 10, 2022, Accepted on: March 10, 2022, Published on: March 14, 2022

Citation: Diongue M, SARAMBOUNOU D, Bassoum O, Diallo A.I, Sougou N.M, Tine A.D, Leye M.M.M, Faye A, Seck I, Tal Dia A (2022). Study of Factors Associated with Overweight among Pupils Aged 6 to 18 in Bamako Commune II in 2018

Copyright: © 2022 Diongue M et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

  • Abstract

Abstract

Introduction: In sub-Saharan Africa, very little data on child overweight are available because the various actions relating to nutrition and public health have focused on default malnutrition and food security problems. The objective of this work is to study the factors associated with overweight among pupils aged 6 to 18 years in the commune II of Bamako in 2018.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional and analytical study conducted in November 2018 among pupils aged 6 to 18 in Bamako commune II. A two-stage survey was carried out at school level and then in classes. Three questionnaires were administered (pupils, school officials and
parents). Data entry was done with Epi Info 3.5.3 software and descriptive analysis and regression with R 3.4.4 software.
Results: A total of 400 pupils aged 6 to 18 were studied, 78% of whom were normal weight, 10.75% overweight and 4% obese. The pupils, 52.25% used the vehicle for the home-to-school journey; 61.75% faced a TV screen every day; 24.75% ate in front of the screen more than 3 times a week; 33% had eaten breakfast more than 3 times a week. In our sample, 31.75% consumed a sugary drink more than 3 times per week and 07.5% took fast food more than 3 times per week; 25.5% had not consumed fruits and vegetables per day; 64.5% took sandwiches as snacks; 70.2% practiced Physical Education and sports sessions and 64.75% remained seated during break times. On the family environment, only 195 files were usable, i.e. 67.70%. Thus, 20.5% of the pupils had a birth weight greater than 4 kg and 94.90% were breastfed for more than 6 months. Among parents, 48.7% of fathers were overweight and 36.9% university level; 46.1% of mothers were overweight, 05.6% uneducated, 55.4% housewives. At the school level, 50% had a canteen, playing fields/areas. In the multivariate analysis, the factors significantly associated with overweight were female gender (ORaj = 3.97 [1.03-14.97]), vehicle use for the home-to-school journey (ORaj = 2.09 [1.01-4.35]), consumption of food in front of the television and or the computer (ORaj = 3.83 [1.01-14.57]) and the irregularity of the practice of physical education and sports at school (ORaj = 4.28 [1.08-16.96]).
Conclusion: The identification of factors associated with overweight makes it possible to detect children at risk very early in childhood. It would also be interesting to include in the children’s school
curriculum, health education topics, which promote good lifestyle habits, especially food, from an early age.


Keywords: Associated factors; Overweight; pupils; Bamako; Mali

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